Supernumerary nipple = الحلمة الاضافية او الزائدة |
SUPERNUMERARY
NIPPLE
Epidemiology. Lesions present mainly in young individuals. Males and females are equally affected.
Etiology. Most cases are sporadic, but some lesions show a genetic transmission.
Clinical Findings. Supernumerary nipple is characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple rudimentary nipples developing along the embryonal milk line. They occur commonly as solitary, asymptomatic, soft, brown papules with a dimple, resembling dermatofibromas, fibromas, or melanocytic nevi. Less frequently, patients show supernumerary nipples with an appearance of an areola (polythelia areolaris), a patch of hair (polythelia pilosa), or a subcutaneous mass with or without areola. Rare cases present as a pedunculated or dermal mass in the axilla or vulva. Supernumerary nipples have also been reported in association with adenoma of the nipple (erosive adenomatosis); with renal abnormalities, including renal cell carcinoma; and with cardiovascular disorders, including congenital heart abnormalities.
Histopathology. A dome-shaped lesion consisting of variable components of a normal nipple, including sebaceous lobules and ducts (Montgomery's tubercles). A rudimentary vellus follicle, various lactiferous ducts, dilated venules, and fascicles of smooth muscle can be observed.
Treatment. Treatment is by simple surgical excision if desired.
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